Are you married to a German citizen and considering applying for naturalization? Or are you both non-German nationals navigating the path toward citizenship in Germany together? At Jaberi Lawyers, we understand how crucial it is to clearly understand your rights, the legal requirements, and the steps involved. This comprehensive guide explains how spouses can acquire German citizenship and how to prepare for the process.
Key Points at a Glance
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Faster Naturalization for Spouses: If you are married to a German citizen, you may qualify for naturalization after just three years of residence, provided the marriage has lasted at least two years.
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Core Requirements: Proof of legal residence, language proficiency at B1 level, a successful naturalization test, and a commitment to the democratic principles of the German constitution are required.
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Separation Complications: If the marital relationship ends during the process, the simplified route under § 9 StAG may no longer apply, and the application may be redirected under § 10 StAG with stricter requirements.
Naturalization as a Spouse: What Are the Rules?
Under Section 9 of the German Nationality Act (StAG), spouses of German nationals can apply for citizenship through a streamlined process. If both partners are foreign nationals, naturalization is still possible, albeit under slightly different timelines.
Comparing the Scenarios
| Requirement | Spouse of Foreign National | Spouse of German Citizen |
|---|---|---|
| Minimum Residency in Germany | 4 years | 3 years |
| Legal Basis | § 10 (2) StAG | § 9 StAG |
| Duration of Marriage | 2 years | 2 years |
| Financial Stability | Required | Required |
| Identification | Mandatory | Mandatory |
| Naturalization Test | Yes | Yes |
| Loyalty to Constitution | Yes | Yes |
| Language Skills | Level B1 | Level B1 |
Important Note: If your partner has only recently become a German citizen, they must have held citizenship for at least two years before you can apply under § 9 StAG.
Required Documentation for Naturalization
To ensure a smooth process, gather the following documents:
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Valid residence permit and passport
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Marriage certificate
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Completed naturalization application
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Biometric passport photo
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Proof of B1-level German language proficiency
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Proof of a secure livelihood
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Evidence of knowledge of the German legal and social system
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Signed loyalty declaration
Step-by-Step: How to Apply for Citizenship as a Spouse
Acquiring German citizenship is a formal legal process that requires organization and preparation. Here’s a simplified breakdown of the steps:
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Meet Residency & Marriage Requirements
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Collect All Required Documents
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Submit Your Application to the Naturalization Authority
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Attend Interviews and Possibly Language/Civic Exams
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Receive Notification of Approval
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Participate in the Naturalization Ceremony
What Happens if You Separate During the Process?
If your marital relationship breaks down before the citizenship process is complete—even without a formal divorce—it could significantly affect your eligibility under § 9 StAG. The authorities may consider the marriage no longer valid for the purpose of simplified naturalization.
In such cases, your application will likely be redirected to the standard process under § 10 StAG, which typically requires a longer residence period and may necessitate changing your residence permit status.
Valid Residence Titles for Naturalization After Separation
If you separate or divorce during the process, your eligibility for naturalization depends on your residence status. These permit types are generally acceptable:
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Employment-based permits: § 18a, § 18b, § 18g, § 21 AufenthG
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Humanitarian residence permits: § 25a, § 25b AufenthG
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Family-related permits: § 28 (1) Sentence 1 No. 3, § 31, § 36 AufenthG
Always consult a legal expert before changing your residence permit to ensure it won’t affect your long-term goal of becoming a German citizen.
How Jaberi Lawyers Can Help
Navigating Germany’s citizenship laws can be overwhelming—especially when family situations, residence permits, and deadlines are involved. At Jaberi Lawyers, we specialize in immigration and naturalization law and guide families every step of the way with clear, reliable, and personalized legal support.
Whether you’re just starting the process, facing complications due to separation, or unsure which documents are necessary, we’re here to help.
Contact Us Today
Jaberi Lawyers Headquarters
Afrikahaus Große Reichenstraße 27, 20457 Hamburg
+49 (0)40 413 499 87
contact@jaberilawyers.com
Frankfurt Office
Große Gallusstraße 14, 60315 Frankfurt am Main
+49 (0)69 989 727 302
contact@jaberilawyers.com
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