Welcome to our blog on dual citizenship! Discover which countries will permit dual citizenship in 2024 and learn how to apply for it. With detailed information and practical tips, Jaberi lawyers and team will support you on your journey to obtaining two passports.
What is Dual Citizenship?
Dual citizenship allows an individual to hold citizenship in two different countries simultaneously. This concept comes with numerous benefits, but it can also present certain challenges.
In Germany, there is no legal limit to the number of citizenships one can hold. However, it is crucial to check the nationality laws of the countries in which you hold citizenship to ensure compatibility.
Definition and Meaning
Dual citizenship grants you the legal rights and obligations of two countries, including voting rights, access to social services, and tax responsibilities. In Germany, the option for multiple citizenships was introduced with the new Naturalization Act on June 27, 2024. However, it is important to verify with the embassies of your countries of origin to confirm that dual citizenship is permitted there as well.
Advantages of Dual Citizenship
Holding two passports can provide significant advantages, such as the ability to live and work in both countries, unrestricted access to education and healthcare, and the opportunity to purchase property in both nations. Additionally, dual citizens enjoy visa facilitation, extended travel freedoms, and the ability to exercise political rights in both countries, including voting and running for public office.
Legal Situation Regarding Dual Citizenship in 2024
The new Naturalization Act, which took effect on June 27, 2024, aims to simplify and modernize the naturalization process in Germany. Known as the Act on the Modernization of Citizenship Law (StARModG), it introduces several important changes that facilitate the acquisition of dual citizenship.
Introduction of the New Naturalization Law
The new law, implemented by the federal government in 2023, was designed to make naturalization more accessible. Key changes include:
- Abolition of Section 10 (4) StAG: Applicants no longer need to renounce their previous citizenship to obtain German citizenship. The previous exception under Section 12 StAG has been removed.
- Naturalization after 5 years: The required period of legal residence has been reduced from 8 years to 5 years.
- Faster Naturalization with Special Integration Achievements: Naturalization is possible after just 3 years with a C1 language certificate and special integration achievements.
- Easier Conditions for the Guest Worker Generation: Simplified language certificate requirements and exemption from the naturalization test.
Effects on Naturalization Processes
These changes significantly impact the naturalization process by:
- Facilitating Dual Citizenship: The process is now less burdensome and complex since renouncing previous citizenship is no longer required.
- Shorter Waiting Times: Reduced naturalization periods allow for quicker integration and full participation in German society.
- Simplified Requirements for Guest Workers: Easier access to citizenship for the guest worker generation.
Countries That Allow Dual Citizenship in 2024
With the new naturalization law in Germany, dual citizenship is now permitted. Many other countries also allow their citizens to hold multiple citizenships.
European Countries
- Germany: Dual citizenship is permitted under the new Naturalization Act as of June 27, 2024.
- Italy: Dual citizenship has been allowed since the reform of nationality law in 1992.
North American Countries
- USA: Dual citizenship is permitted under the Immigration and Nationality Act of 1952.
- Canada: Dual citizenship has been allowed since the Citizenship Act of 1976.
Asian Countries
- Syria: Allows dual citizenship but primarily considers dual nationals as Syrian citizens.
- Philippines: Permits multiple nationalities under Republic Act No. 9225 since 2003.
African Countries
- Nigeria: Allows dual citizenship for citizens born in Nigeria or of Nigerian origin.
- Morocco: Permits dual citizenship from birth.
Other Countries
- Turkey: Allows dual citizenship under Article 44 of the Turkish Citizenship Law.
- Argentina: Permits dual citizenship under the Ley de Ciudadanía.
- Brazil: Allows dual citizenship under Citizenship Law No. 818 of 1949.
Countries That Do Not Allow Dual Citizenship in 2024
Several countries maintain strict regulations against dual citizenship.
European Countries
- Austria: Generally does not permit dual citizenship under the 1963 Convention.
- Netherlands: Strict regulations permit dual citizenship only if one parent is not a Dutch citizen.
Asian Countries
- Japan: Does not recognize dual citizenship and requires citizens to choose a nationality by age 22.
- China: Prohibits dual citizenship under the 1980 Citizenship Law.
African Countries
- Eritrea: Does not recognize dual citizenship and considers it a punishable offense.
- Ethiopia: Acquisition of another nationality results in the loss of Ethiopian citizenship.
Applying for Dual Citizenship in 2024
Applying for dual citizenship involves several steps and requirements. It is important to be well-prepared and to submit all necessary documents.
Prerequisites and Requirements
Common requirements include:
- Legal Residence: Proof of legal residence for at least 5 years.
- Language Skills: Proof of sufficient language proficiency.
- Integration Proof: Completion of a naturalization test.
- Previous Nationality Proof: Documentation of current nationality.
- Means of Subsistence: Proof of financial independence.
- Loyalty Declaration: Signed commitment to the democratic order of the Federal Republic of Germany.
Step-by-Step Guide to Dual Citizenship
- Preparation of Documents:
- National passport and birth certificate
- Proof of legal residence
- Language certificates
- Integration proof
- Means of subsistence proof
- Signed loyalty declaration
- Submitting the Application:
- Ensure all documents are complete.
- Submit the application to the competent authority.
- Obtain confirmation of receipt.
- Waiting for the Decision:
- The naturalization authority reviews the application.
- Be prepared to provide additional information if requested.
- If there is no response after 12 weeks, consider legal action.
- Successful Naturalization:
- Receive notification from the naturalization authority.
- Attend the award ceremony to receive the naturalization certificate.
- Apply for German documents (passport and identity card).
Common Challenges and Solutions
- Incomplete Documents: Ensure all required documents are prepared in advance.
- Language Barriers: Enroll in language courses and complete necessary tests.
- Long Processing Times: Keep in regular contact with the competent authority.
- Complex Legal Requirements: Consult a specialized lawyer for guidance.
Legal and Practical Tips
Navigating the dual citizenship application process can be challenging. Here are some valuable tips:
Advice from Lawyers
Seek advice from a lawyer specializing in nationality law to:
- Gain legal clarity on requirements and regulations.
- Prepare necessary documents.
- Navigate the application process.
- Resolve legal issues.
Contacting Embassies and Consulates
Utilize the resources of embassies and consulates to:
- Obtain information on specific requirements and processes.
- Confirm and legalize important documents.
- Receive application support.
- Clarify any questions.
Important Deadlines and Time Limits
Keep track of:
- Application deadlines.
- Document validity periods.
- Renewal deadlines.
- Decision deadlines.
Conclusion and Outlook for Dual Citizenship in 2024
Dual citizenship offers numerous benefits and is an important step towards integration and full participation in the rights and obligations of two countries. In 2024, many countries, including Germany, have made significant progress in recognizing and facilitating dual citizenship.
Key Findings
- Germany: The new naturalization law simplifies obtaining dual citizenship without renouncing previous citizenship.
- Global Perspective: Countries like the USA, Canada, Italy, and the Philippines recognize dual citizenship.
- Strict Regulations: Countries such as Austria, Japan, and China continue to have stringent regulations against dual citizenship.
Future Prospects
- Law Development: Expect further modernization and adaptation of dual citizenship laws worldwide.
- Facilitation: Legislative changes may further ease dual citizenship conditions.
- Integration and Participation: Recognition of dual citizenship promotes integration and full societal participation.
